Compare Turks and Caicos Islands (2001) - South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2003)

Compare Turks and Caicos Islands (2001) z South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2003)

	Turks and Caicos Islands (2001)	South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2003)

Administrative divisions	none (overseas territory of the UK)	-
Age structure	0-14 years: 32.58% (male 2,996; female 2,908) 15-64 years: 63.51% (male 6,050; female 5,459) 65 years and over: 3.91% (male 316; female 393) (2001 est.)	-
Agriculture - products	corn, beans, cassava (tapioca), citrus fruits; fish	-
Airports	8 (2000 est.)	none (2002)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 4 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2000 est.)	-
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 2 (2000 est.)	-
Area	total: 430 sq km land: 430 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 3,903 sq km land: 3,903 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Shag Rocks, Black Rock, Clerke Rocks, South Georgia Island, Bird Island, and the South Sandwich Islands, which consist of some nine islands
Area - comparative	2.5 times the size of Washington, DC	slightly larger than Rhode Island
Background	The islands were part of the UK's Jamaican colony until 1962, when they assumed the status of a separate crown colony upon Jamaica's independence. The governor of The Bahamas oversaw affairs from 1965 to 1973. With Bahamian independence, the islands received a separate governor in 1973. Although independence was agreed upon for 1982, the policy was reversed and the islands are presently a British overseas territory.	The islands lie approximately 1,000 km east of the Falkland Islands and have been under British administration since 1908, except for a brief period in 1982 when Argentina occupied them. Grytviken, on South Georgia, was a 19th and early 20th century whaling station. Famed explorer Ernest SHACKLETON stopped there in 1914 en route to his ill-fated attempt to cross Antarctica on foot. He returned some 20 months later with a few companions in a small boat and arranged a successful rescue for the rest of his crew, stranded off the Antarctic Peninsula. He died in 1922 on a subsequent expedition and is buried in Grytviken. Today, the station houses scientists from the British Antarctic Survey. The islands have large bird and seal populations, and, recognizing the importance of preserving the marine stocks in adjacent waters, the UK, in 1993, extended the exclusive fishing zone from 12 NM to 200 NM around each island.
Birth rate	24.89 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)	-
Budget	revenues: $47 million expenditures: $33.6 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997-1998 est.)	-
Capital	Cockburn Town (on Grand Turk)	-
Climate	tropical; marine; moderated by trade winds; sunny and relatively dry	variable, with mostly westerly winds throughout the year interspersed with periods of calm; nearly all precipitation falls as snow
Coastline	389 km	NA km
Constitution	introduced 30 August 1976; suspended in 1986; restored and revised 5 March 1988	adopted 3 October 1985
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Turks and Caicos Islands	conventional long form: South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands conventional short form: none
Currency	US dollar (USD)	-
Death rate	4.47 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)	-
Debt - external	$NA	-
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK	overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina; administered from the Falkland Islands by a commissioner, who is concurrently governor of the Falkland Islands, representing Queen ELIZABETH II; Grytviken, formerly a whaling station on South Georgia, is a scientific base
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)
Disputes - international	none	briefly occupied by military force in 1982 - claimed by Argentina in constitution but declares it will no longer seek settlement by force
Economic aid - recipient	$4.1 million (1997)	-
Economy - overview	The Turks and Caicos economy is based on tourism, fishing, and offshore financial services. Most capital goods and food for domestic consumption are imported. The US was the leading source of tourists in 1996, accounting for more than half of the 87,000 visitors; tourist arrivals had risen to 93,000 by 1998. Major sources of government revenue include fees from offshore financial activities and customs receipts.	Some fishing takes place in adjacent waters. There is a potential source of income from harvesting finfish and krill. The islands receive income from postage stamps produced in the UK, sale of fishing licenses, and harbor and landing fees from tourist vessels. Tourism from specialized cruise ships is increasing rapidly.
Electricity - consumption	4.6 million kWh (1999)	-
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (1999)	-
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (1999)	-
Electricity - production	5 million kWh (1999)	-
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Blue Hills 49 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Paget (South Georgia) 2,934 m
Environment - current issues	limited natural fresh water resources, private cisterns collect rainwater	NA
Ethnic groups	black	-
Exchange rates	the US dollar is used	-
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1953), represented by Governor Mervyn JONES (since 27 January 2000) head of government: Chief Minister Derek H. TAYLOR (since 31 January 1995) cabinet: Executive Council consists of three ex officio members and five appointed by the governor from among the members of the Legislative Council elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; chief minister appointed by the governor	-
Exports	$4.7 million (1993)	-
Exports - commodities	lobster, dried and fresh conch, conch shells	-
Exports - partners	US, UK	-
Fiscal year	calendar year	-
Flag description	blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the colonial shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield is yellow and contains a conch shell, lobster, and cactus	blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms features a shield with a golden lion centered; the shield is supported by a fur seal on the left and a penguin on the right; a reindeer appears above the shield, and below it on a scroll is the motto LEO TERRAM PROPRIAM PROTEGAT (Let the Lion Protect its Own Land)
GDP	purchasing power parity - $128 million (1999 est.)	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	-
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $7,300 (1999 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	8.7% (1999 est.)	-
Geographic coordinates	21 45 N, 71 35 W	54 30 S, 37 00 W
Geography - note	30 islands (eight inhabited)	the north coast of South Georgia has several large bays, which provide good anchorage; reindeer, introduced early in the 21st century, live on South Georgia
Highways	total: 121 km paved: 24 km unpaved: 97 km (2000)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	-
Illicit drugs	transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe	-
Imports	$46.6 million (1993)	-
Imports - commodities	food and beverages, tobacco, clothing, manufactures, construction materials	-
Imports - partners	US, UK	-
Independence	none (overseas territory of the UK)	-
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	-
Industries	tourism, offshore financial services	-
Infant mortality rate	18.06 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)	-
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	4% (1995)	-
International organization participation	Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau)	-
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	14 (2000)	-
Irrigated land	NA sq km	0 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Supreme Court	-
Labor force	4,848 (1990 est.)	-
Labor force - by occupation	about 33% in government and 20% in agriculture and fishing; significant numbers in tourism, financial, and other services (1997 est.)	-
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 2% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 0% forests and woodland: 0% other: 98% (1993 est.)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (largely covered by permanent ice and snow with some sparse vegetation consisting of grass, moss, and lichen) (1998 est.)
Languages	English (official)	-
Legal system	based on laws of England and Wales, with a small number adopted from Jamaica and The Bahamas	the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply; the senior magistrate from the Falkland Islands presides over the Magistrates Court
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Council (19 seats, of which 13 are popularly elected; members serve four-year terms) elections: last held 4 March 1999 (next to be held by NA 2003) election results: percent of vote by party - PDM 52.2%, PNP 40.9%, independent 6.9%; seats by party - PDM 9, PNP 4	-
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 73.52 years male: 71.37 years female: 75.77 years (2001 est.)	-
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school total population: 98% male: 99% female: 98% (1970 est.)	-
Location	Caribbean, two island groups in the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of The Bahamas	Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of the tip of South America
Map references	Central America and the Caribbean	Antarctic Region
Maritime claims	exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	none (2000 est.)	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	defense is the responsibility of the UK
National holiday	Constitution Day, 30 August (1976)	Liberation Day, 14 June (1982)
Nationality	noun: none adjective: none	-
Natural hazards	frequent hurricanes	the South Sandwich Islands have prevailing weather conditions that generally make them difficult to approach by ship; they are also subject to active volcanism
Natural resources	spiny lobster, conch	fish
Net migration rate	13.69 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)	-
Political parties and leaders	People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Derek H. TAYLOR]; Progressive National Party or PNP [Washington MISICK]; United Democratic Party or UDP [Wendal SWANN]	-
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	-
Population	18,122 (July 2001 est.)	no indigenous inhabitants note: the small military garrison on South Georgia withdrew in March 2001, to be replaced by a permanent group of scientists of the British Antarctic Survey, which also has a biological station on Bird Island; the South Sandwich Islands are uninhabited (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	-
Population growth rate	3.41% (2001 est.)	-
Ports and harbors	Grand Turk, Providenciales	Grytviken
Radio broadcast stations	AM 3 (one inactive), FM 6, shortwave 0 (1998)	0 (2003)
Radios	8,000 (1997)	-
Railways	0 km	-
Religions	Baptist 41.2%, Methodist 18.9%, Anglican 18.3%, Seventh-Day Adventist 1.7%, other 19.9% (1980)	-
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.11 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 1.07 male(s)/female (2001 est.)	-
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	-
Telephone system	general assessment: fair cable and radiotelephone services domestic: NA international: 2 submarine cables; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: coastal radiotelephone station at Grytviken
Telephones - main lines in use	3,000 (1994)	-
Telephones - mobile cellular	0 (1994)	-
Television broadcast stations	0 (broadcasts from The Bahamas are received; cable television is established) (1997)	0 (2003)
Terrain	low, flat limestone; extensive marshes and mangrove swamps	most of the islands, rising steeply from the sea, are rugged and mountainous; South Georgia is largely barren and has steep, glacier-covered mountains; the South Sandwich Islands are of volcanic origin with some active volcanoes
Total fertility rate	3.22 children born/woman (2001 est.)	-
Unemployment rate	10% (1997 est.)	-
Waterways	none	none

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